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±¹³» ÁÖÀ¯¼ÒÁÖº¯ Åä¾çÀÇ BTEX ¿À¿°µµ ¹ÚÇö¹Ì¡¤±èÁöÇö¡¤±è¿µ¸¸¡¤ÀÌ°­ºÀ Çѱ¹°úÇбâ¼ú¿¬±¸¿ø, Ư¼ººÐ¼®¼¾ÅÍ Ã»·®¸® ¿ìü±¹ »ç¼­ÇÔ 131, ¼­¿ïƯº°½Ã 130-650 BTEX Contamination Level of Soil Samples around Gas Stations in Korea Hyun-Mee Park Ji-Hyun Kim Young-Man Kim Kang-Bong Lee Advanced Analysis Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, P. O. Box 131, Cheongryangri, Seoul 130-650, Korea Corresponding Address: Kang-Bong Lee, Ph. D. Advanced Analysis Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, P. O. Box 131, Cheongryang, Seoul 130-650, Korea Tel) 82-2-958-5957 Fax) 82-2-958-5969 e-mail) leekb@kist.re.kr Abstract BTEX concentration level of soil samples around gas stations in Korea were monitored by methanol extraction followed by Purge & Trap/GC/MS. By this analytical method, the extraction recovery was 87-99 % and the repeatability(RSD) was 5-13 %. Detection limits of BTEX were 0.1 mg/kg for BTE(Benzene, Toluene and Ethylbenzene) and 0.2 mg/kg for X(Xylenes). Calibration curves showed good linearities which the correlation coefficients(r) were higher than 0.999. About 10.1 % of soil samples taken around gas stations were contaminated with BTEX, and those sites contaminated with BTEX were presumed to occur gasoline spill or gasoline tank leak. BTEX concentration higher than 200 mg/kg were detected at three sites of soil samples and its concentrations lower than 32 mg/kg were monitored at 67 sites. These BTEX contamination levels were monitored as a function of gas station area and the installation year of gasoline tank. Key words: BTEX, Contamination level, Gas station, GC/MS, Analytical method 1. ¼­ ·Ð ÃÖ±Ù »ê¾÷ÀÇ ¹ßÀü°ú »ýÈ°¼öÁØÀÇ Çâ»óÀ¸·Î Áö³­ 10 ³â°£ ÀÚµ¿Â÷ ¼ö°¡ ±ÞÁõÇÏ°í, ÁÖÀ¯¼Ò ¼³Ä¡¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °Å¸®Á¦ÇÑÀÌ ÆóÁöµÇ¸é¼­ µµ½Ã¿Í ³óÃÌÀ» ºÒ¹®ÇÏ°í ÁÖÀ¯¼Ò°¡ ±ÞÁõÇÏ¿© ¿Ô´Ù. ±×·¯³ª, ÁÖÀ¯¼Ò ÁÖº¯Àº ¿ÀÀÏ ÅÊÅ©°¡ ¼³Ä¡ ½Ã°£ÀÌ °æ°úÇÔ¿¡ µû¶ó ºÎ½ÄÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇÑ ´©Ãâ Çö»óÀÌ »ý°Ü³µÀ¸¸ç, À帶 ±â¿¡´Â ¿Ü ¼ö¾ÐÀÌ ³ô¾ÆÁö¹Ç·Î ¿ÀÀϺ¸´Ù ºñÁßÀÌ ³ôÀº ¿Ü¼ö°¡ ±Õ¿­ÀÌ »ý±ä ÄÜÅ©¸®Æ® º®Ã¼¸¦ ÅëÇØ Ä§ÀÔ1,2)ÇÏ°í ÁöÇϼö°¡ À¯ÀÔ µÇ¿© ¿ÀÀÏÀÌ ³ÑÃÄÈ帣´Â °æ¿ì°¡ »ý°Ü³ª°í, ¶ÇÇÑ ÁÖÀ¯½Ã Ãë±Þ ºÎÁÖÀÇ·Î ÁÖº¯ Åä¾ç ¹× ÁöÇϼöÀÇ ¿À¿°ÀÌ ¿ì·ÁµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÀúÀ¯ ÅÊÅ©ÀÇ ºÎ½ÄÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇÑ ¿ÀÀÏÀÇ ´©ÃâÀº ÁÖº¯ Åä¾çÀÇ ¿À¿°À¸·Î ÀÎÇÑ ½Ä¹°ÀÇ »ýÀå°ú ÁöÇϼöÀÇ ¼öÁúÀ» ¾ÇÈ­½Ãų »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó3,4) ¿À¿°µÈ Åä¾çÀº ÀÎü¿¡ Çظ¦ ÁֹǷΠ¿ÀÀÏ ´©Ãâ¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ Åä¾ç¿À¿°À» ½Å¼ÓÈ÷ ¹ß°ßÇÏ¿© ´ëÃ¥À» ¸¶·ÃÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù. ÃÖ±Ù¿¡´Â ÀÚµ¿Â÷ Á¤ºñ¼Ò, ¼¼Â÷Àå µîÀÇ ³­¸³À¸·Î °¢Á¾¿ÀÀÏÀÇ ¿À¿°Àº ½É°¢ÇÑ »óȲ¿¡ µµ´ÞÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù2). ´ÙÇàÈ÷ ±¹³»¿¡¼­µµ 1996³â 1¿ù 6ÀϺÎÅÍ Åä¾çȯ°æº¸Àü¹ýÀÌ ½ÃÇàµÇ¾î Åä¾ç¿À¿°¹æÁö¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¦µµÀû ÀåÄ¡´Â ¸¶·ÃµÇ¾úÀ¸³ª Åä¾ç¿À¿°Àº ¼öÁú¿À¿°Ã³·³ ¿ì¸®¿¡°Ô Á÷Á¢ÀûÀÎ ÇÇÇظ¦ ÁÖÁö ¾Ê°í Àå±â°£¿¡ °ÉÃÄ °£Á¢ÀûÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³ª´Â Ư¼º°ú ±â¹Ý½Ã¼³ÀÇ ¹Ìºñ·Î ¿À¿°µµ´Â ³¯·Î Áõ°¡ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ȯ°æºÎÀÇ Åä¾ç ȯ°æ º¸Á¸¹ý¿¡ µû¸£¸é, ¼®À¯·ùÀÇ Á¦Á¶ ¹× ÀúÀå½Ã¼³Àº Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene ¹× Xylene (BTEX)ÀÇ ´©Ãâ°Ë»ç¸¦ Á¤±âÀûÀ¸·Î ½Ç½ÃÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾îÀÖÀ¸¸ç, Åä¾ç ¿À¿°µµ ºÐ¼® °á°ú ³× °³ ¼ººÐ ÇÔ·®ÀÇ ÇÕÀÌ 80 mg/kgÀÏ ¶§¸¦ Åä¾ç ¿À¿° ¿ì·Á±âÁØÀ¸·Î ¼³Á¤ÇÏ¿´°í, 200 mg/kgÀÏ ¶§¸¦ Åä¾ç ¿À¿°´ëÃ¥±âÁØÀ¸·Î ¼³Á¤ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. Åä¾çȯ°æº¸Àü¹ý¿¡¼­´Â ¿À¿°ÀÇ Á¤µµ°¡ »ç¶÷ÀÇ °Ç°­°ú µ¿½Ä¹°ÀÇ »ýÀ°¿¡ ÁöÀåÀ» ÃÊ·¡ÇÒ ¿ì·Á°¡ ÀÖ¾î ÅäÁöÀÇ ÀÌ¿ëÀ̳ª ½Ã¼³ÀÇ ¼³Ä¡ µî¿¡ ±ÔÁ¦Á¶Ä¡°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ Á¤µµÀÇ ¿À¿°»óŸ¦ ´ëÃ¥±âÁØÀ¸·Î Á¤ÇÏ°í ´ëÃ¥±âÁسóµµÀÇ ¾à 40 % Á¤µµ·Î ´õ ÀÌ»óÀÇ ¿À¿°ÀÌ ÁøÇàµÇ´Â °ÍÀ» ¿¹¹æÇϱâ À§ÇÑ ¿À¿°¼öÁØÀ» ¿ì·Á±âÁØÀ¸·Î Á¤ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù5). Åä¾ç¿À¿°¹°Áú Áß BTEX´Â °¡¼Ö¸°¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ¿À¿°ÀÇ Ã´µµ°¡ µÇ´Â Èֹ߼º À¯±â¹°Áú·Î¼­ Åä¾ç¿¡¼­ ÃßÃâÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î´Â ¿ë¸ÅÃßÃâ6), soxhlet ÃßÃâ7), immunossay8), SPME(solid phase microextraction)9), purge & trap10) ÃßÃâ¹æ¹ýÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ¼ººÐÀÇ ºÐ¼®¿¡´Â GC11)¿Í GC/MS°¡ ÁÖ·Î »ç¿ëµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. º» ¿¬±¸¿¡¼­´Â ÁÖÀ¯¼ÒÁÖº¯ÀÇ ¿À¿°µµ¸¦ ÃøÁ¤Çϱâ À§ÇØ ÅÊÅ©, ¹è°ü, ÁÖº¯ÀÇ Åä¾çÀ» ´ë»óÀ¸·Î BTEX¸¦ ¸Þź¿Ã ¿ë¸Å ÃßÃâ ÈÄ purge & trap/GC/MS·Î ºÐ¼®ÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç, ÅÊÅ© °Ç¼³ ÈÄ °æ°ú ¿¬µµº°, ÁÖÀ¯¼Ò<