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½Ç³» ȯ°æ Áß aldehydes ºÐ¼®°ú ´Ù¾çÇÑ ½Ç³»±¸¿ª¿¡¼­ÀÇ ³óµµºÐÆ÷ ÀÌÁöÈ£¡¤¹Ú¼ºÀº¡¤½Åµ¿Ãµ ¿¬¼¼´ëÇб³ ȯ°æ°øÇØ¿¬±¸¼Ò Analysis of aldehydes in various indoor microenvironments Jiho Yi, Seongeun Park, Dongchun Shin The Institute for Environmental Research (IERY), Yonsei University Abstract Formaldehyde is a suspected human carcinogen that is known to be released from pressed-wood products used in home construction, including consumer products made with UF resins. EPA methods TO-11, based on derivatization with 2, 4-dinitrophenylhydrazine(DNPH) were used for determination of formaldehyde. Indoor measurements of aldehydes were made at 9 various microenvironments that high source of aldehydes which located in Seoul city during the summer of 2000. Aldehydes were collected 8 hours at 9 indoor microenvironments by holding O3 scrubber cartridge in front of DNPH-silica cartridge to remove O3 and were analysed by HPLC with UV detection. Formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and six other aldehydes were identified in the 9 various microenvironments. Microenvironmental indoor characteristics were investigated factors such as house age, smoking allowed, ventilation type, air conditioning, floor, size et al. Method accuracy, evaluation and validation studies included sampling repeatibility, recovery, method detection limit, effect of temperature and humidity, sampling parameters, analytical performance. It was showed that for DNPH-silica cartridge there were negative interference in presence of O3 in ambient air. Determined all aldehyde concentrations were also low in the presence of O3. Indoor formaldehyde concentration ranging from less than 71.70§¶/m3 to 494.02§¶/m3 and this concentration is almost exceeded indoor guideline of 100ppb(123§¶/m3) which has been set in Australia and total concentrations of the eight aldehydes was 426.67¡¾315.50§¶/m3. Aldehydes concentrations were found high in 9 various microenvironments indicating the presence of significant indoor sources such as direct emission. The result of this survey suggested that climate control, ventilation increase need to improve indoor air quality. Key word: formaldehyde, indoor air, aldehydes-DNPH, microenvironments 1. ¼­ ·Ð Aldehydes´Â ÀÎü °Ç°­¿¡ ¿µÇâÀ» ÁÖ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁ® °ü½ÉÀÇ ´ë»óÀÌ µÇ¾î¿Ô´Ù. Formaldehyde¿Í acroleinÀ¸·Î ´ëÇ¥µÇ´Â aldehyde ¹°ÁúµéÀº »ç¶÷°ú µ¿¹°ÀÇ ´«, ÄÚ, ¸ñ µî¿¡ ÀÚ±ØÀûÀÎ ¿µÇâÀ» ÁÖ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ÀÖ°í ƯÈ÷, formaldehyde´Â ¹ß¾Ï¼º¹°Áú·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ´ëÇ¥ÀûÀΠȯ°æ¿À¿°¹°Áú·Î ±ÔÁ¦µÇ°í ÀÖ´Â ¹°ÁúÀ̱⵵ ÇÏ´Ù.1) ƯÈ÷, ½Ç³» ȯ°æ¿¡¼­ÀÇ aldehydes´Â ½Ç³» ÀÚüÀÇ ´Ù¾çÇÑ ¿À¿°¿ø¿¡¼­ ¹ß»ýµÉ »Ó´õ·¯ »ýÈ°ÀÇ ´ëºÎºÐÀ» ½Ç³»¿¡¼­ º¸³»°í ÀÖ´Â Çö´ëÀε鿡°Ô´Â °Ç°­»ó Ä¡¸íÀûÀÎ À§Çظ¦ ³¢Ä¡°Ô µÈ´Ù.2) ½Ç³» ȯ°æ¿¡¼­ÀÇ formaldehydeÀÇ ¿À¿°¿øÀº ¹«¼öÈ÷ ¸¹´Ù. ƯÈ÷, formaldehyde´Â urea ¶Ç´Â phenol-formaldehyde resinÀÇ ÇüÅ·Π¸¹ÀÌ ÀÌ¿ëµÇ´Âµ¥ È­ÀåÁö, Á¾ÀÌŸ¿ù, ¼îÇÎ¹é µî ¼öºÐ°­µµ¸¦ Áõ°¡½ÃÅ°±â À§ÇÏ¿© Á¾ÀÌ¿¡ ó¸®ÇÏ°Ô µÇ¸ç ÁÖ¸§¹æÁö, º¸°­Àç, Á¢ÂøÁ¦ µî¿¡¼­µµ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ, ½Ç³»ÀÇ °¡½º½ºÅäºê, ´ã¹è¿¬±â µî¿¡¼­µµ ¹æÃâµÇ¸ç ¸¹Àº È­Àå¿ëÇ°À̳ª ¼¼Á¦¿Í °°Àº »óÇ°¿¡¼­µµ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù. °­ÇÑ Á¢Âø ¼ºÁúÀ» °®°í Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ºôµù°ÇÃàÀÚÀç¹°¿¡ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â º£´Ï¾îÆÇ, particle board, ¹Ù´Ú, ½Ç³»ÀÎÅ׸®¾î Á¢ÂøÁ¦ µî¿¡ Æø³Ð°Ô ÀÌ¿ëµÇ¸ç, »õ °¡±¸µîÀº ½Ç³»°ø±âÀÇ ÁÖµÈ ¿À¿°¿øÀÌ µÈ´Ù.3) ÇÑÆí, acroleinÀº Á¾À̳ª paperboardÀÇ Á¦Á¶¿¡ slimicideµîÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëµÇ¸ç, ¹Ì»ý¹° Á¦°ÅÁ¦, ¼öÁß Á¦ÃÊÁ¦ µîÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù.4) ÀÏ»ó»ýÈ°¿¡¼­´Â ´ã¹è¿¬±â, À½½Ä»óÇ°, marijuanaµîÀ» ÅëÇØ ÀÎü¿¡ ³ëÃâµÇ¸ç °ø±â¸¦ ÅëÇØ ÃÑ ³ëÃâ·®ÀÇ 50%°¡ ³ëÃâµÈ´Ù.5) ½Ç³» ¿Âµµ¿¡¼­ °¡½º·Î Á¸ÀçÇϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô °ø±â¸¦ ÅëÇØ 80%ÀÌ»ó ³ëÃâµÇ´Â formaldehyde´Â6) ¹ß¾Ï¼ºÀÌ¿Ü¿¡ ´«, ÄÚ, ¸ñ µî¿¡ ÀÚ±ØÀ» ÁÖ´Â Àڱؼº ¹°Áú·Î¼­ ¿ªÄ¡(threshold)¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­´Â ¾Ë·ÁÁø ¹Ù ¾øÁö¸¸ 1ppm ¶Ç´Â ±× ÀÌÇÏÀÇ ³óµµ·Î ³ëÃâµÉ °æ¿ì ´«, ÄÚ, ¸ñÀÇ ÀÚ±Ø, µÎÅë, ¸Þ½º²¨¿òÀ» À¯¹ßÇÏ°í, 0.12mg/§©ÀÌ»ó ¶Ç´Â ±× ÀÌÇÏÀÇ ³óµµ¿¡¼­´Â ½Ã°¢ÀûÀÎ Àڱذú »ó±âµµÀÇ ÀÚ±ØÀ» À¯¹ßÇÑ´Ù°í ÇÑ´Ù7)8)9). 5ppm¿¡¼­ 30ppmÀÇ °í³óµµ¿¡¼­´Â ±âħ, Àçä±â, ÈäºÎ ¾Ð¹Ú°¨, ±â°üÁö¿°, Æó¿° ¹× ÆóºÎÁ¾À» ¾ß±âÇϸç10), ÇǺΠ¾Ë·¹¸£±â ¹ÝÀÀÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Å³ »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó µ¿¹°À̳ª Àΰ£¿¡°Ô ÀÖ¾î ¹ß¾Ï °¡´ÉÇÑ ¹°